雅思学习读书笔记第16期：《呼啸山庄》1

雅思学习读书笔记第16期：《呼啸山庄》1

　　新通雅思阅读拓展系列从今天开始将为大家带来一部名著的阅读，艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼啸山庄》。这部名著在西方也经常被纳入中学英语必修课程，因此无论在提高阅读水平方面还是增长西方文化见识方面都具有十分良好的作用。大家一定要认真阅读，细细品味字里行间中那份特有的西方文艺气息。

　　名篇导读：

　　英格兰北部有一座“呼啸山庄”，它的主人厄恩肖收养了一名弃儿，取名希斯克利夫。厄恩肖让他与儿子辛德雷和女儿凯瑟琳(凯茜)生活在一起。希斯克利夫与凯茜朝夕相处，萌发了爱情，但辛德雷却十分憎恶他。厄恩肖死后，辛德雷成了呼啸山庄的主人，他想尽办法与希斯克利夫过不去，这加深了两人之间的仇恨，但希斯克利夫对凯茜的爱情却没有改变。邻近的画眉山庄主人之子埃德加向凯茜求婚。天真幼稚的凯茜同意嫁给埃德加，以便利用他家的财富，帮助希斯克利夫摆脱哥哥的迫害。希斯克利夫得知凯茜欲嫁给埃德加后，愤然出走。

　　数年之后，一位英俊潇洒、神态威严的客人光临埃德加家。原来是不知去向的希斯克利夫发了财，回到家乡。他这次回来的惟一目的就是进行报复。辛德雷丧妻后染上了酗酒和赌搏的恶习。当他看到希斯克利夫发财回来，竟请他留在山庄，希斯克利夫利用他的恶习轻而易举地占有了他的全部家产。埃德加的妹妹伊莎贝拉把希斯克利夫视作传奇式的英雄。希斯克利夫用欺骗手段娶她为妻，婚后百般虐待她。伊莎贝拉在认清了希斯克利夫的真面目后离他而去，后来生下了儿子小林顿。凯茜在病痛中生下女儿小凯茜后去世。伊莎贝拉死后，儿子被希斯克利夫夺回到自己手中，并诱使他与小凯茜相爱。在小林顿病重之时，他设计劫持了小凯茜，强迫她与自己的儿子小林顿结婚，吞并了林顿家的全部家产，完成了他的复仇计划。小林顿不久死去，小凯茜与辛德雷的儿子哈里顿产生了爱情，这与希斯克利夫的愿望背道而驰。与此同时，希斯克利夫被凯茜的鬼魂缠绕得坐卧不安，他从哈里顿和小凯茜的眼睛里看到了当年的自己和凯茜。爱战胜了仇恨，他不忍心再无休止地报复。他要去寻找凯茜，一个风雨交加的夜晚，空虛且饱尝人间辛酸的他呼唤着爱人凯茜的名字离开了人世。

　　呼啸山庄Wuthering Heights

　　1 Mr Lockwood visitsWuthering Heights( 洛克伍德先生造访呼啸山庄 1801 年)

　　1801 I have just returned from a visit to my landlord，Mr Heathcliff.I am delighted with the house I am renting from him.Thrushcross Grange is miles away from any town or village.That suits me perfectly.And the scenery here in Yorkshire is so beautiful!

　　Mr Heathcliff，in fact，is my only neighbour，and I think his character is similar to mine.He does not like people either.

　　‘My name is Lockwood，’I said，when I met him at the gate to his house.‘I'm renting Thrushcross Grange from you. I just wanted to come and introduce myself.’

　　He said nothing，but frowned，and did not encourage me to enter.After a while，however，he decided to invite me in.

　　‘Joseph，take Mr Lock wood's horse!’he called.‘And bring up some wine from the cellar!’Joseph was a very old servant，with a sour expression on his face.He looked crossly up at me as he took my horse.

　　‘God help us!A visitor!’he muttered to himself.Perhaps there were no other servants，I thought.And it seemed that Mr Heathcliff hardly ever received guests.

　　His house is called Wuthering Heights.The name means‘a windswept house on a hill’，and it is a very good description.The trees around the house do not grow straight，but are bent by the north wind，which blows over the moors every day of the year.Fortunately，the house is strongly built，and is not damaged even by the worst winter storms.The name‘Earn-shaw’is cut into a stone over the front door.

　　Mr Heathcliff and I entered the huge main room.It could have been any Yorkshire farmhouse kitchen，except that there was no sign of cooking，and no farmer sitting at the table. Mr Heathcliff certainly does not look like a farmer.His hair and skin are dark，like a gipsy's，but he has the manners of a gentleman.He could perhaps take more care with his appearance，but he is handsome. I think he is proud，and also unhappy.

　　We sat down by the fire，in silence.

　　‘Joseph!'shouted Mr Heathcliff.No answer came from the cellar，so he dived down there，leaving me alone with several rather fierce-looking dogs. Suddenly one of them jumped angrily up at me，and in a moment all the others were attacking me.From every shadowy corner in the great room appeared a growling animal，ready to kill me，it seemed.

　　‘Help!Mr Heathcliff!Help!’I shouted，trying to keep the dogs back.My landlord and his servant were in no hurry to help，and could not have climbed the cellar steps more slowly，but luckily a woman，who I supposed was the housekeeper，rushed into the room to calm the dogs.

　　‘What the devil is the matter?’Mr Heathcliff asked me rudely，when he finally entered the room.

　　‘Your dogs，sir!’I replied.‘You shouldn't leave a stranger with them.They're dangerous.’

　　‘Come，come，Mr Lockwood.Have some wine.We don't often have strangers here，and I'm afraid neither I nor my dogs are used to receiving them.’

　　I could not feel offended after this，and accepted the wine.We sat drinking and talking together for a while.I suggested visiting him tomorrow.He did not seem eager to see me again，but I shall go anyway.I am interested in him，even if he isn't interested in me.

　　* * *

　　Two days later Yesterday afternoon was misty and bitterly cold，but I walked the four miles to Wuthering Heights and arrived just as it was beginning to snow. I banged on the front door for ten minutes，getting colder and colder.Finally Joseph's head appeared at a window of one of the farm buildings.

　　‘What do you want?’he growled.

　　‘Could you let me in?’I asked desperately.

　　He shook his head.‘There's only Mrs Heathcliff indoors，and she won't open the door to you.’

　　Just then a young man appeared and called me to follow him.We went through the back door and into the big room where I had been before.I was delighted to see a warm fire and a table full of food.And this time there was a woman sitting by the fire.She must be Mrs Heathcliff，I thought.I had not imagined my landlord was married. She looked at me coldly without saying anything.

　　‘Terrible weather!’I remarked.There was silence.

　　‘What a beautiful animal!’I tried again，pointing to one of the dogs that had attacked me.She still said nothing，but got up to make the tea.She was only about seventeen，with the most beautiful little face I had ever seen.Her golden wavy hair fell around her shoulders.

　　‘Have you been invited to tea?'she asked me crossly.

　　‘No，but you are the proper person to invite me，’I smiled.

　　For some reason this really annoyed her.She stopped making the tea，and threw herself angrily back in her chair. Meanwhile the young man was staring aggressively at me.He looked like a farm worker，but seemed to be part of the family.I did not feel at all comfortable.At last Heathcliff came in.

　　‘Here I am，sir，as I promised!’I said cheerfully.

　　‘You shouldn't have come，’he answered，shaking the snow off his clothes.‘You'll never find your way back in the dark.’

　　‘Perhaps you could lend me a servant to guide me back to the Grange?’I asked.

　　‘No，I couldn't.There aren't any servants here except Joseph and the housekeeper.Get the tea ready，will you?’he added fiercely to the young woman.I was shocked by his unpleasantness.

　　We sat down to eat.I tried to make conversation with the three silent people round the table.

　　‘How happy you must be，Mr Heathcliff，’I began，‘in this quiet place，with your wife and—’

　　‘My wife!My wife's ghost，you mean?’

　　I suddenly realized I had made a serious mistake.So his wife was dead!Of course he was too old to be married to that young girl. She must be married to the young man next to me，who was drinking his tea out of a bowl and eating his bread with unwashed hands.Perhaps the poor girl had found no one better to marry in this uninhabited area.I turned politely to the young man.

　　‘Ah，so you are this lady's husband!’This was worse than before. His face went red，and he seemed only just able to stop himself hitting me.He muttered something I could not hear.

　　‘Wrong again，Mr Lockwood，'said Mr Heathcliff.‘No，her husband，my son，is dead.This，’he added，looking scornfully at the young man，‘is certainly not my son.’

　　‘My name is Hareton Earnshaw，’growled the young man.

　　We finished our meal in silence，and when I looked out of the window，all I could see was darkness and snow.

　　‘I don't think I can get home without a guide，’I said politely.No one answered me.I turned to the woman.

　　‘Mrs Heathcliff，’I begged，‘What can I do?Please help me!’

　　‘Takes.Nobody wished me goodnight，as Zillah took me upstairs to find a bed for me.

　　1801年

　　我刚刚拜访我的房东希斯克利夫先生回来。我喜欢从他那儿租来的那座房子。画眉山庄无论离哪个村镇都有数英里之遥，正合我的心意。约克郡这儿的风景太美了!

　　希斯克利夫先生实际上是我唯一的邻居，并且我觉得他的性情与我相仿。他也不喜欢人群。

　　在通向他房子的院门前我见到了他。“我姓洛克伍德，”我说道，“我租用着您的画眉山庄。我是来同您打个招呼的。”

　　他没说话，却皱了一下眉头，不太愿意让我进去。但呆了一会儿又决定请我进屋。

　　“约瑟夫，牵走洛克伍德先生的马!”他喊道，“到地窖里拿些酒上来!”约瑟夫是个很老的仆人，脸上表情乖戾。牵马时气鼓鼓地看了我一眼。

　　“上帝保佑!来了客人!”他自言自语地嘟囔着。我想可能再没有别的仆人了。看来希斯克利夫先生几乎从不接待客人。

　　他的房子叫呼啸山庄。意思是“狂风肆虐的山丘上的房子”，名字起得恰如其分。房子周围的树不是直着长，而是被常年累月里从荒原过来的北风吹弯的。好在房子造得结实，即使是冬天最烈的风暴也毁不了。房子正门的一块石头上刻着“欧肖”这个名字。

　　希斯克利夫先生和我进到极大的正房。它很像是约克郡一个普通农家的厨房，只是没有做饭的迹象，桌旁也没坐着农夫。希斯克利夫先生看上去显然不像个农夫，他的头发和皮肤是深色的，像吉卜赛人，但有绅士的派头。他还能对自己的外表再多上点儿心，但已经算得上英俊了。我觉得他很高傲，而且郁郁寡欢。

　　我们在火旁坐下，都没说话。

　　“约瑟夫!”希斯克利夫先生高声喊道。地窖里没有回答，于是他钻了下去，只剩下我单独和几条恶狗在一起。突然有一条气势汹汹地跳起来扑向我，随即其他的几条也都攻向我。这大屋子的每个阴暗角落都蹿出一条嗥叫的恶兽，似乎有要杀了我的架势。

　　“救命呀!希斯克利夫先生!救命!”我一边竭力不让狗近身，一边高声喊道。我的房东和他的仆人根本不急于来解救我，从地窖的楼梯往上爬，慢得不能再慢了。但幸运的是有个女人，我猜她是这儿的女管家，冲进屋里把狗制服了。

　　“搞什么鬼?”希斯克利夫先生无礼地问我道，这时他终于进了屋。

　　“是您的狗，先生!”我回答。“您不应该把一个生人和它们撇在一起。它们很危险。”

　　“好了，好了，洛克伍德先生，喝点酒。我们这儿不常来生人，恐怕我和我这些狗都不知道怎么接待客人。”

　　这么一来我倒没了被冒犯的感觉，接过了酒。我们坐在一起边喝边聊了一会儿。我提议明天再来拜访他。他对再见我似乎并没有热情，但无论如何我也得去。我对他很有兴趣，虽然他对我没有。

　　两天后

　　昨天下午有雾，天气阴冷，但我走了四英里去呼啸山庄，刚到就开始下雪了。我在前门使劲儿敲了10分钟，觉得越来越冷。最后约瑟夫终于从一间农舍的窗子里探出头来。

　　“你想干什么?”他吼道。

　　“你能让我进去吗?”我绝望地问。

　　他摇了摇头。“只有希斯克利夫夫人在家，她不会给你开门的。”

　　就在这时出现了一个年轻人，叫我跟他走。我们从后门进了我曾去过的那间大屋。看到暖暖的一炉火和一张摆满饭菜的桌子，我精神一振。这次有一个女人坐在火旁。我猜她一定就是希斯克利夫夫人了。我没料到我的房东已有家室。她冷冰冰地看着我，一声没吭。

　　“这坏天气!”我说。还是沉默。

　　“真是条好狗!”我指着攻击过我的一条狗，又试探了一次。她还是没说话，却起身沏茶。她只有十七岁上下，一张脸蛋儿是我所见过的最美的。她金色、波浪般的头发披在肩上。

　　“是请你来喝茶的吗?”她别扭地问了我一句。

　　“不，但您应该请我，”我微笑着说。

　　这话不知为何让她真的有些不悦。茶也不沏了，怒气十足地一屁股坐回她的椅子。同时，那个年轻人也挑衅似地盯着我。他看起来像个农场做工的，但又似乎是这个家庭的成员。我觉得很不自在。最后希斯克利夫终于进来了。

　　“我来了，先生，我说过我要来的!”我高高兴兴地说。

　　“你不该来，”他回答，一边抖落衣服上的雪，“天黑了你别想找到回去的路。”

　　“也许您能派个仆人领我回画眉山庄?”我问道。

　　“不，我做不到。这儿除了约瑟夫和女管家就没有仆人了。把茶沏好，行吗?”他蛮横地对那个年轻女人加了一句。他的不悦让我大吃一惊。

　　我们坐下开始进餐。我试着同桌边这三个默不作声的人搭话。

　　“您该有多幸福啊，希斯克利夫先生，”我发话道，“在这个宁静的地方，与您的夫人和……”

　　“我的夫人!你指的是我夫人的灵魂吗?”

　　突然间我意识到我犯了个严重的错误。原来他的夫人已经死了!他这个年龄当然不会娶那么年轻的姑娘。她嫁的一定是我旁边的这个年轻人，他正从碗里喝茶，用来吃面包的手也没有洗。也许这可怜的姑娘在这人烟稀少的地方也找不到更好的人可嫁了。我恭敬地转向那年轻人。

　　“啊，原来您是这位夫人的先生!”这一下比刚才更糟。他的脸红了，似乎差点儿就忍不住要揍我。他嘟囔了些什么，但我没听清。

　　“又错了，洛克伍德先生，”希斯克利夫先生说，“不，她的丈夫，我儿子，已经死了。这位，”他边讥讽地看着那年轻人，边补充道，“当然不是我的儿子。”

　　“我叫哈里敦.欧肖，”年轻人吼道。

　　我们在沉默中吃完了饭，这时我往窗外望去，能看到的只是一片黑暗和雪花。

　　“我想，没有向导我回不了家的，”我礼貌地说。没人理睬我的话。我转向那女人。

　　“希斯克利夫夫人，”我恳求道，“我能怎么办?请帮帮我!”

　　“顺着你来的原路回去，”她毫不关心地回答，同时打开了一本书，“这是我能给你的最好的建议。”

　　“希斯克利夫先生，我不得不在这儿过夜了!”我告诉他。

　　“我希望你能接受这个教训，天气不好时别到荒原上走，”他回答，“我没为客人准备卧室。你可以同哈里敦或约瑟夫睡一张床。”

　　我对他们几个简直是怒不可遏，在这儿我一会儿也呆不下去了，当即冲出门，到了黑暗之中。我看见约瑟夫在后门那儿站着，于是一把抓过他手里的那盏灯，拿着奔大门跑去。但那些狗追着攻向我，我很快就被击倒在地上。在我对着狗高声呵斥，试图站起来那当儿，希斯克利夫和哈里敦却站在门前笑着。最后，又是女管家齐拉救了我，她叱退了狗，扶我站起来。

　　我浑身是伤，精疲力竭，感觉没力气走回家，虽然我不想留下，但不得不在呼啸山庄过夜了。齐拉带我上楼要为我找张床的时候，谁也没对我说晚安。

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