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托福写作考试中常易犯的十个错误(二)

2015-03-05

栏目:考培资讯

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新通天津为大家总结托福作文考试中易犯得十项错误,供大家复习雅思写作考试复试参考。详情咨询免费热线:400-618-8866

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6、指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)

指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清,或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看下面这一句:

Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid。

(玛丽和我姐姐很要好,因为她要她做她的伴娘。)读完上面这一句话,读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚,谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确,意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为:

Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid。

例1. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself。

剖析:句中人称代词we 和反身代词yourself指代不一致。

改为:We can also know society by serving it ourselves。

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7、不间断句子(Run-on Sentences)

什么叫run-on sentence?请看下面的例句。

例1. There are many ways we get to know the outside world。

剖析:这个句子包含了两层完整的意思:“There are many ways。” 以及“We get to know the outside world。”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。

改为:There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world。

或:There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world。

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8、措词毛病(Troubles in Diction)

Diction 是指在特定的句子中如何适当地选用词语的问题,囿于教学时间紧迫,教师平时在这方面花的时间往往极其有限,影响了学生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲,斟酌的 习惯。他们往往随心所欲,拿来就用。所以作文中用词不当的错误比比皆是。

例1. The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution。

(农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。)剖析:显然,考生把obstacles“障碍”,“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“the increasing use (不断增加的使用)” 应改为“abusive use (滥用)”。

改为:The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution。

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9、累赘(Redundancy)

言以简洁为贵。写句子没有一个多余的词;写段落没有一个无必要的句子。能用单词的不用词组;能用词组的不用从句或句子。如:

In spite of the fact that he is lazy,I like him。

本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同谓语从句,我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”

可以改为:In spite of his laziness,I like him。

例1. For the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need。

剖析:整个句子可以大大简化。

改为:Diligent,caring people use money only to buy what they need。

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10、 不连贯(Incoherence)

不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语,或是结构上不畅通。这也是考生常犯的毛病。

例1. The fresh water,it is the most important things of the earth。

剖析:The fresh water 与逗号后的it 不连贯。It 与things 在数方面不一致。

改为:Fresh water is the most important thing in the world。

 

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