托福写作常用替换词与替换表达

define 定义，下标准

当表达：一个好的A需要有B/ 一个好的A需要是B这样的
　　如：一个好老师需要够耐心  A good teacher should have patience/ should be patient
　　英文框架：a good n should have n / be adj
　　可转述为：Patience defines one of the good characteristics of a good teacher.
　　e.g. Doing a part time job defines one of the good ways to build a social network.
　　同理，在表达  determine 决定   /   depend on 取决于，这样的概念时，也可以套用。
　　The capability of communication skill determines whether or not he is a qualified politician.
　　The capability of communication skill defines whether or not he is a qualified politician.

define  局限，分清楚
　　表达：A不等于B时可替换
　　A does not equal B  =   A does not define B
　　表达：A自身凸显出来，通过做...
　　The communication skill defines a successful politician from those normal ones by gathering the support from all the colleagues.

facilitate   使...容易  
　　同类还有如：spur  prod  stimulate   刺激  促进  促使
　　A thorough understanding about how to communicate can facilitate the politician's career.
　　A thorough understanding on communication skill can spur the development of the politician's career.

guarantee   secure    solidify    ensure   strengthen   使稳固，确保,加强
　　The mastery on communication skill can guarantee a promising career.

trigger 引发
　　同类还有如：产生 engender  /  generate the consequence that
　　导致  cause  /  lead to

complete 完成，使圆满，使完整
　　表达A对B很重要时可替换
　　A well-paid job completes a major part of one's happiness.
　　同理可用组成类词汇：component   /   consist of
　　A well-paid job is a major component of one's happiness
　　Several things, among which a well-paid job is particularlly crucial, consist of one's happiness.

acquire  realize  achieve  obtain  attain实现  获得
　　只说一点，不要随意的再用have  get  这样的词了
　　另外关于development  可以替换为
　　boom v/n   prosper v    prosperous    adj    prosperity  繁荣   
　　flourish  thrive  v 繁荣

关于 understanding   可替换为
　　comprehension   cognition  认知     awareness  意识   be aware of 对...有意识
　　关于beneficial    和   do good to    可替换为

influence positively  
　　产生+有利影响   或   带来+好的结果     
　　A is conducive to B
　　A conduce to B 

关于important
　　可以替换词本身：crucial    elementary    core    cardinal    fundamental    irreplaceable  等
　　也可改变形式：A is important to B  =   A is of great importance to B  =  A is of crucial importance to B
　　也可转述为：For A's ___, B is of crucial importance.
　　For a politician's career, communication skill is of crucial importance.
　　有时也可表达为：A cannot survive without B
　　A offers an necessary incentive for B to grow/boom/prosper
　　在作文当中，若想使句子变长，有一个用词原则  n > v > adj
　　因为每次把adj变成n之后，都需要在n前加上额外的动词
　　the river is beautiful-----the river presents beauty

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