雅思写作：如何写出出彩的开头

2015-03-17

栏目：考培资讯

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导语：

万事开头难，雅思写作也不例外，那么怎样才能写出出彩的开头，吸引考官的眼球呢？经过对剑桥真题和高分作文的研习归纳后可以发现，开头段可先通过对写作背景的的介绍来引出话题，同时应该从内容和句型上同时做到补充。

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下面结合实例给大家介绍三种扩充背景句的方法：

一、追根溯源法

即从题目给出的话题中找出这个现象产生的原因来扩展背景句。这种方法适合大多数的话题，考生要尽量在考前做练习，这样在考试时就可以得心应手了。

例子：There are social, medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phones?

这个题目中给出的话题是mobile phone，所以考生可以从它产生的原因来考虑，即科技的繁荣，而科技的繁荣，手机的广泛使用是在20世纪末，这样背景句就有内容可写了。当然要通过相应的句型或词语把自己的思路转化成文章。经常阅读科普文章的同学会发现，在文章的开头作者常会用到“见证”这个词，那么在英语里面也有同样的用法，这个词就是witness, 那么背景句就可以写成：

The late 20th century witnessed the boom of science and technology, which gave rise to a series of technological innovations, including/in particular the mobile phone.

有了以上背景句做铺垫，之后就可以顺理成章的引出讨论话题。

二、重述法

即对作文话题的当前现状进行重述。

例子：Nowadays, people are facing more and more work-related stress. State the possible reasons for this phenomenon and make some recommendations about how to combat it。

本题的话题关于压力，那考生可从当前社会现象来考虑这个问题，考生不难想出当下对压力这一现象的情况，即很多人都在承受着或多或少来自工作的压力。在这里我们可用it is generally believed that … 形式主语的句型进行写作，即：

It is generally believed that white-collar as well as blue-collars workers are suffering from psychological and physical stress stemming from work.

三、定义法

即通过对话题词的定义的介绍。这种方法有一定难度，考生需要有渊博的知识，才能做到对名词的解释，但对特别明显的词语，考生可借鉴这种方法。

例子：The main purpose of public libraries is to provide books and they should not waste their limited resources and space on providing expensive hi-tech media such as computer software, videos and DVDs. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

本题中的话题词为图书馆，可以解释的词也是图书馆比较方便容易。那么到底如何解释呢，比如说图书馆在传统意义上来看，是收藏书的地方，而现在因为科技发展，使得图书馆的意义发生改变，从而引出话题。这里同样可以用形式主语：

It is generally believed that public libraries are places with a large collection of books; however, the digital time has given it a new means of storing and retrieving information.

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从以上的分析，我们发现在内容上是有方法了，不难从内容上找材料，可是如果句型积累不多的话，写出来的句子也是无法得到高分的，所以接下来，为大家介绍下常用的高分句型。

强调句型：

1) It is … that …

2) It is … who …

Eg.It is the traditions in Beijing that attract many foreign tourists.

下面是考官范文里的句子：

It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops.

2、形式主语：

1) It is generally believed,

2) It is commonly acknowledged that …

3) It is apparent that … 等

Eg: It is generally believed that white-collar as well as blue-collar workers are suffering from psychological and physical stress stemming from work.

3、状语前置：

我们来看一个剑6高分范文中的句子:

In spite of this, the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied.

Just like movie stars, they live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and cars.

4、时间引导的叙述句型

Lately, the problem of unemployment has been brought to popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.

根据以上分析，考生可通过这两个方面来做到背景句的描写，从而在开头就吸引考官的注意力，好的开始是成功的一半，有了好的开始，为考生在写作中做到思路清晰，以及节省时间都打了坚实的基础。