SAT语法必考点：主谓一致
导语：
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谓语动词与主语在单复数上保持一致
出题套路1. 主语后面接复杂修饰 S + 长串修饰语 + v
A city is full of people.
A city in northern China
A city famous for its beautiful mountains
A city visited by large numbers of celebrities
A city consisting of several prosperous economic zones
A city, home of coffee beans,
A city, which is famous for its beautiful mountains,
例题1 (2005.03.S3.28)
The relationship between goby fish and striped shrimp are truly (A) symbiotic, for neither (B) can survive (C) without (D) the other. No Error (E)
【考题分析】
名词relationship后面between…and…为介词短语，做后置定语，句子真的主语是the relationship，单数。所以，谓语动词A单复数错，应该改成is truly。
例题2 (2010.05.S6.29)
French mountain honey made (A) from linden blossoms, which are sometimes called (B) “lime blossoms,” have (C) a distinctively (D) citrus flavor. No Error (E)
【考题分析】
名词honey后面made from为过去分词短语，做后置定语，句子真的主语是honey，不可数。所以，谓语动词C单复数错，应该改成has。
出题套路2：N1 of N2 + V
例题3 (2005.03.S3.20)
Careful analysis of pictures of the Moon reveal (A) that parts of the Moon’s surface are (B) markedly (C) similar to parts of the Earth’s (D). No Error (E)
【考题分析】
名词analysis后面of…为介词短语，做后置定语，句子真的主语是analysis，不可数。所以，谓语动词A单复数错，应该改成reveals。
例题4 (2009.05.S6.26)
The loyalty of British families to specific brands of toothpaste have (A) been cited by (B) historians as evidence (C) of the growing influence (D) of advertising during the early twentieth century. No error (E)
【考题分析】
名词loyalty后面of…为介词短语，做后置定语，句子真的主语是the loyalty，单数。所以，谓语动词A单复数错，应该改成has。
例题5 (2009.01.S6.23)
The three sections of my neighbor's newly planted (A) garden, each totally different (B) in design and composition, harmonizes (C) with one another (D) in color and texture. No error (E)
【考题分析】
名词three sections后面of…为介词短语，做后置定语，再后面双逗号之间each…composition也是插入成分，句子真的主语是three sections，复数。所以，谓语动词C单复数错，应该改成harmonize。
Attention：
• A colletion of/ A list of/An array of/A series of/A set of/A sequence of/A group of+复数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。
• The number of 的谓语动词用单数；A number of的谓语动词用复数。
出题套路3. 定语从句的主谓一致
N+that/which/who+V：V⇒N
a student who achieves 2400 in SAT
例题6 (09.01.S6.15)
The historic Woodacre building, which house (A) several univeristy departments, was demolished to make (B) room for (C) a parking lot, dismaying alumni who had supported (D) the university for decades. No error (E)
【考题分析】
定语从句which…修饰先行词单数building，所以定语从句的谓语动词house要与building单数一致，A错误。当然，本题真正的错误应该是时态错误。
特殊用法1：
N1 of/and/from/with N2+that+V：根据上下文判断that的指代对象
例题7 (09.05.S6.28)
Early rock and roll music, like (A) jazz and the blues, celebrated (B) characteristics of urban life that was once (C) only disparaged: loud, repetitive city sounds were reproduced as (D) raucous melodies and insistent rhythms. No error (E)
【考题分析】
定语从句that…前面有characteristics of urban life（N1 of N2结构），于是判断定语从句到底修饰谁，要靠语义：下文写道，loud, repetitive city sounds，可知定语从句修饰的是复数characteristics，于是定语从句谓语动词单数was错误，改成were。
例题8 (2010.1.S6.29)
The Bactrian camel is (A) well adapted to the extreme climate of its native Mongolia, having (B) thick fur and underwool that keeps (C) it warm in winter and also (D) insulate against summer heat. No Error (E)
【考题分析】
定语从句that…修饰先行词复数thick fur and underwool，所以定语从句的谓语动词单数keeps错误，要与thick fur and underwool复数一致，C错误，改为keep。
特殊用法2：
Only one of + Noun（复）+ that + V ： V用复数
the (only) one of + Noun（复）+ that + V： V用单数
例题9 (09.10.S6.17)
Jason is (A) the only one of the three people I knew well (B) in middle school who still write (C) to me regularly (D). No Error (E)
【考题分析】
本题属于：the (only) one of + Noun（复）+ that + V： V用单数，所以C错误，改为writes。
出题套路4： There be句型的就近一致
• There is a movie theater in the downtown.
• There is an apple and two bananas.
• There are two bananas and an apple.
例题10 (09.10.S5.19)
There is (A), in spite of the large bay window and (B) the new floors, many reasons, such as the poor location and the small basement, for (C) Nancy not to buy (D) the house. No Error (E)
【考题分析】
there be结构，后面是双逗号in spite of插入语成分，真的谓语动词是复数many reasons，A错误，改为are。
出题套路5：就近一致 V⇒N2
• N 1 or N2
• Not N1 but N2
• Either N1 or N2
• N1 nor N2
• Not only N1 but also N2
• Neither N1 nor N2
出题套路6：就前一致 V⇒N1
• N1 with N2
• N1 as well as N2
• N1 together with N2
• N1 along with N2
• N1 rather than N2
例题11 (05.03.S3.23)
Of (A) the two options, neither (B) the system of appointing judges to the bench nor the process of electing (C) judges are (D) entirely satisfactory. No error (E)
【考题分析】
neither…nor…结构，谓语动词就近原则，要与单数the process 一致，D错误，改为is。
出题套路7：1+1=2
A and B + V 谓语动词用are；
当and前后A和B指的是同一个人、同一件事或同一过程时，谓语动词用is。
Eg: Introducing new ideas and replacing the old ones is …
例题12 (Online Course Test 2)：
Freedom of action and expression are (A) at the foundation not only of (B) our system of government but also of our expectations concerning (C) human relations at all (D) levels of society. No Error (E)
【考题分析】
注意，此题考点在于and平行结构，语义来看平行对象时action和expression，这两个词共同来修饰of结构之前的freedom，于是句子主语是不可数freedom，复数谓语A错误，改成is。
出题套路8：主系表完全倒装（主语和表语位置完全颠倒）。
倒装后为：表语+is/are/was/were+S
The question concerning air pollution is extremely difficult.
Extremely difficult is the question concerning air pollution.
•难点：识别倒装
哪些成分能做句子主语？
哪些只能做表语不能做主语？
• On the wall is …
• Available through … is…
• Included among… is…
例题13 (2010.1.S6.27)
Langston Hughes may be best known for (A) his poetry, but (B) included among (C) his many published works are (D) a sizable collection of short stories. No Error (E)
【考题分析】
included among…过去分词短语在句首，不能做主语，句子是主系表倒装，真的主语是单数a sizable collection (of …是介词短语次要修饰)，D复数谓语错误，改为is。
出题套路9：介词短语倒装
倒装后为：介短+V+S
“山上有个庙，庙里有个和尚”。
On the mountain lies a temple.
In the temple lives a monk.
出题套路10：Only部分倒装
Only + (副词/介短/状语从句) + (does/do/has/have/was/were/is/are)+ S + V
Only recently has he started to prepare for SAT.
例题14 (OG)
Air pollution caused by industrial fumes has been studied (A) for years, but (B) only recently has (C) the harmful effects of noise pollution become (D) known. No Error (E)
【考题分析】
only recently在句首，意味着倒装句，句子主语是复数harmful effects，单数谓语C错误，改成have。
其它（虽然没有作为挑错点出现，但会出现在选E的题目中）
Each of 复数名词+V，V用单数；
复数名词/复数family: 新宋体, 宋体, 微软雅黑, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">课时
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