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托福阅读修辞目的题:seashells
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【Paragraph 2】Pollen samples from freshwater lakes in Syria and elsewhere tell us forest cover expanded rapidly at the end of the Ice Age, for the southwestern Asian climate was still cooler and considerably wetter than today. Many areas were richer in animal and plant species than they are now, making them highly favorable for human occupation. About 9000 B.C., most human settlements lay in the area along the Mediterranean coast and in the Zagros Mountains of Iran and their foothills. Some local areas, like the Jordan River valley, the middle Euphrates valley, and some Zagros valleys, were more densely populated than elsewhere. Here more sedentary and more complex societies flourished. These people exploited the landscape intensively, foraging on hill slopes for wild cereal grasses and nuts, while hunting gazelle and other game on grassy lowlands and in river valleys. Their settlements contain exotic objects such as seashells, stone bowls, and artifacts made of obsidian (volcanic glass), all traded from afar. This considerable volume of intercommunity exchange brought a degree of social complexity in its wake.(Early Settlements in the Southwest Asia)
Why does the author mention "seashells, stone bowls, and artifacts made of obsidian"?
○ To give examples of objects obtained through trade with other societies
○ To illustrate the kinds of objects that are preserved in a cool climate
○ To provide evidence that the organization of work was specialized
○ To give examples of the artistic ability of local populations
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