雅思小作文中的趋势变化和数据对比

审题：

该题是表格题，横列为三列不同的消费品，分别是食物/饮料/香烟、衣服/ 鞋子、 休闲/ 教育。纵列为5个不同的国家，分别是爱尔兰、意大利、西班牙、瑞典和土耳其。数据形式为百分比。

写作思路：

表格题写作思路关键首先在于分析横、纵列，然后得出写作顺序。重点分析动态的变化和静态的比较。本题是同一年，也就是固定时间段里的比较，不涉及动态的变化。 在静态比较方面，有两个思路：一是每个国家在不同消费品开支上的比较；二是不同国家在同一消费品开支上的比较。从两个思路中任选一个，都能描述出表格的核心信息。但是，到底用哪个思路写，就取决于到底哪个是表格的主要特点，主要趋势。

很明显，每个国家在不同消费品的开支上，总体趋势是一致的，都是食物/饮料/香烟最多，休闲/体育最少。所以，从这个角度来讲，这个思路去写文章比较难出彩；而纵向对比，不同国家在同一消费品开支上还是差别很大的。这明显是我们比较的重点。因此，本文用第二个思路去比较，显然更容易写。而思路一则可一笔带过。

内容分析: 主讲趋势变化和数据对比。

1. 就静态比较思路这一点上，剑7考生范文中分别用了3句话来表达“每个国家在不同消费品的开支上，总体趋势是一致的，都是食物/饮料/香烟最多，休闲/体育最少”这个意思。紧接着就是单纯的数据罗列，同时缺乏具体分析。原文如下：① Food, drinks and tobacco were in the most position on consumer spending in all of the five countries. ② Clothing and footwear were the second important consumer spending in these countries. ③ The last consumer spending were leisure and education.

但我们完全可以这样，一笔带过：The graph illustrated the information about consumer expenditure on three kinds of items in 2002 in five different countries. It’s clear that the percentage of spending on food, drinks and tobacco was the highest while that on leisure and education remained the smallest.

2. 就数据比较上，学生范文纯列数据，没有分析，也没有清楚提到这些百分比代表的含义。而高质量的写作是要求同学们对数据加以分析对比的。

举例来看：

例一：

纯列数据版：In Italy, they got 9%, and in Sweden, they were 5.4%. In the other three countries, the figure were very similar, all were near 6.5%.

对比分析版：Italy had the highest proportion in terms of clothing as well as footwear. The figure for Turkey, Spain and Ireland came the next, ranging from 6% to 7%. By contrast, people in Sweden spent the least on those items compared with other four countries.

例二：

稍有分析版：Food, drinks and tobacco were in the most important position on consumer spending in all of the five countries, and in a different percentage. In Ireland and Turkey, they were near 30%, while in the other three countries they were under 20%.

改进分析版：Food, drinks and tobacco constituted the largest proportion of national consumer expenditure. The largest percentage of consumer spending was in Turkey at slightly over 30%. It was followed by Ireland, Spain and Italy, with a percentage slightly below 30%, under 20% and above 16% respectively. Sweden had the smallest percentage at approximately 16%, which was around half of the highest percentage in Turkey.

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