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干货 | 雅思阅读判断题考点解析

2017-05-26

栏目:考培资讯

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导语:

判断题是在雅思阅读中占到举足轻重地位的一大题型,一直以来都是考察的重点之一。判断题的考点词有哪些呢?

雅思阅读雅思考试雅思考点

判断题是在雅思阅读中占到举足轻重地位的一大题型,一直以来都是考察的重点之一。学生可以从看题目找定位词和考点入手,深入挖掘该题型的解题思路和窍门。关于定位词的确定,大家比较熟悉,通常会选取特殊词(如专有名词,数字,标点符号等)或者替身较少的名词,动词等,而判断题的考点词有哪些呢?下面我们就一起来看一下。

判断题考点主要分成以下五种:

一.反义考点;

二.数字数量考点;

三.绝对词考点;

四.比较考点;

五.逻辑考点(因果逻辑;时间逻辑)

一.反义考点词

Q: Current thinking on humour has largely ignored Aristotle's view on the subject.(C5T2P2 Q17)

原文:But most modern humour theorists have settled on some version of Aristotle's belief that jokes are based on a reaction to or resolution of incongruity, when the punchline is either a nonsense or, though appearing silly, has a clever second meaning. 

题目中讲到current thinking on humour极大地忽略了Aristotle的观点,而原文则表示采取了,赞同Aristotle的一些观点;题目和原文内容相反,因此答案为FALSE/NO.

二.数字数量考点

Q: More than 320,000 tonnes of salmon were caught in Alaska in 2000.

原文:During 2000, commercial catches of Pacific salmon in Alaska exceeded 320,000 tonnes, with an ex-vessel value of over $US260 million. (C7T4P2)

题目中的数字信息为“more than 320,000 tonnes of salmon”,原文中的数字信息为“exceeded 320,000 tonnes”,其中more than和exceeded属于同义替换,因此答案为TRUE/YES.

Q: The survey concluded that one-fifth or 20% of the household transport requirement as outside the local area.

原文:Interesting facts regarding transport were found: 95% was on foot; 80% was within the locality; and 70% was related to the collection of water and firewood and travelling to grinding mills.(C7T4P2)

题目中的数字信息为“one-fifth or 20%...outside the local area”,原文中的数字信息为“80%...within the locality”,该题不是直接的数字对应,而要进行简单的加减法运算,这种情况大家需要注意。答案为TRUE/YES.

Q: Tourism contributes over six per cent of the Australian gross national product. (C10T3P1 Q6)

原文: This industry is the world's leading industrial contibutor, producing over 6 per cent of the world's gross national product and accounting for capital investment in excess of $422 billion in direct, indirect and personal taxes each year.

题目中的数字信息为“over six per cent of the Australian gross national product”而题目中则为“over 6 per cent of the world's gross national product”,虽然数字相同,但是我们还要注意数字修饰的内容,题目中为“澳大利亚生产总值的6%”,而原文则为“全球生产总值的6%”,因此答案为FALSE/NO.

三.绝对词考点(all, must, every, most)

Q:The ISTP study examined public and private systems in every city of the world.

原文:The study compared the proportion of wealth poured into transport by thirty-seven cities around the world.

题目中出现了绝对词every,表明“在全球的每个城市”,而原文中则表示“全球的37个城市”,并不是每个城市,因此答案为FALSE/NO.

Q: All cultures have been able to express large numbers clearly.
原文: The lack of ability of some cultures to deal with large numbers is not really surprising. (剑 5 Test 2 Q35 )

题目中出现了绝对词all,表明“所有的文化都能够清晰地表达大的数字”,而原文则表示“一些文化缺乏处理大数字的能力,而且这种现象不足为奇”,并不是每个文化都具备这种能力,因此答案为FALSE/NO.

Q:Only two Japanese pagodas have collapsed in 1400 years.
原文:Records show that only two have collapsed during the past 1400 years. (剑 7 Test 2, Q1 )

题目中出现绝对词only,表示“在1400年间,只有两个日本塔坍塌了。”原文中也出现only two,题目和原文意思一致,因此答案为TRUE/YES.

当题目中出现all, only, best, most等绝对词时,答案为FALSE/NO的概率较大,但是也有特例,一切判断以原文为主!!!

四.比较考点词( A is … than B 或者 A is as … as B)

Q: Early peoples found it easier to count by using fingers rather than a group of pebbles. (剑 6 Test 2 Q40 )

原文: … because it is possible to count by matching the items being counted against a group of pebbles, grains of corn, or the counter’s fingers.

题目中出现的比较对象是“fingers和a group of pebbles”,比较内容是难易程度,比较结果是fingers 要比a group of pebbles更加容易. 原文中出现了两个比较对象,但是并未进行对比,因此答案为NOT GIVEN.

Q: Girls are more likely than boys to hold mistaken views about the rainforest’s destruction.

原文 1 : More girls (70%) than boys (60%) raised the idea of rainforest as animal habitats.

原文 2 : More girls (13%) than boys (5%) said that rainforests provided human habitats.

题目中出现的比较对象是boys and girls,比较内容和结果是女生比男生更有可能关于热带雨林的破坏持有错误的观点;原文中有两处出现了男女双方的比较,第一处比较内容和结果是更多女生提出了把热带雨林作为动物栖息地的想法;第二处比较内容和结果是更多女生说热带雨林给人类提供了栖息地,并未出现题目中的对比内容,因此答案为NOT GIVEN.

Q: There is now a greater variety of restaurants to choose from in Sydney than in the past.

原文:In Sydney, a vast array of ethnic and local restaurants can be found to suit all palates and pockets.

题目中将现在和过去的悉尼餐馆的种类进行对比,结果是现在有更多的种类,而原文中只提到了现在悉尼的餐馆种类很多,但是没有提及过去的相关信息,因此答案为NOT GIVEN.

比较考点词解题步骤:

1.先去原文中找题目中的比较双方A 和 B ,如果有一方在原文中没有出现,答案选 NOT GIVEN 。

2.如果A 和 B 都在原文中出现,但并未出现比较,答案选 NOT GIVEN 。

3.如果A 和 B 都在原文中出现,且出现比较,但比较的内容不一致,答案选 NOT GIVEN 。

4.如果 A 和 B 都在原文中出现,而且比较内容相同,则根据方向来判断答案选 YES 或者 NO 。

五.逻辑考点词

因果逻辑:

Q: Modern technologies have led to a reduction in domestic water consumption. (C7T1P2)

原文:But since 1980, the amount of water consumed per person has  actually decreased, thanks to a range of new technologies that  help to conserve water in homes and industry.

题目中出现了表示因果的逻辑词“lead to”,表示现代科技导致了家用水量的减少,原文中也出现了因果逻辑词“thanks to”,表示由于新的科技帮助节约家庭和工业用水,每人的用水量减少了。题目和原文逻辑关系一致,因此答案为YES/TRUE.

Q: Feeding increasing populations is possible due primarily to improved irrigation systems.(C7T1P2)

原文:Food production has kept pace with soaring populations mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems that make possible the growth of 40% of the world's food.

题目中出现因果关系词“due to”,表示先进的灌溉系统使养活日益增长的人口能为可能。原文中也出现因果关系“because of”,表示食物产量能够和激增的人口保持一致是由于人工灌溉系统的扩张。题目和原文逻辑关系一致,因此答案为YES/TRUE.

因果逻辑词汇总:

because of; due to; thanks to; owing to + 原因

so; lead to; result in; cause; thus, therefore, hence + 结果

时间逻辑:

Q: The history of Europe has been documented since 3000 BC.(C4T4P2)

原文:Conventional historical sources begin only with the introduction of written records around 3000 BC in western Asia, and much later in most other parts of the world.

题目中出现时间逻辑词since,表示“从公元前3000开始,欧洲的历史已经被记录了”,而原文中表示“大约公元前3000年,只有西亚有记录,在世界绝大多数其他地方则晚很多”,因此可以推测出欧洲的记录发生在公元前3000年后,题目与原文不一致,因此答案为FALSE/NO.

以上是关于判断题考点的解析,大家在做题的过程中还是要多多练习,准确把握考点信息,进而攻克判断题。
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