雅思阅读同义替换如何帮助我们快而准的锁定答案
导语：
之前我们讨论了如何在雅思阅读中定位的问题，相信同学们通过定位词或原文的逻辑关系能够找到文章中的出题句，出题句和题干的意思虽然一致但是会有语言上的转换，那么在找到出题句之后如何快而准的锁定题目的答案，提升做题的速度以及准确率，就需要同学们熟练掌握同义替换的用法。
雅思阅读同义替换快而准
今天，我们就按照从易到难的顺序，逐个探讨在雅思阅读中常见的同义替换的几种情况，比如近义词转换，上下义转换，词性转化，语态转化，以及言下之意。
1) 近义词：指词汇意义相同或相近的词语
例如：important – essential
virtually – actually
真题演练（填空题no more than three words）：
T: A corpus enables the linguist to make unbiased statements about the frequency of usage, and it provides...
Q: A linguist can use a corpus to comment objectively on_____
解析：comment on=make statements，所以答案为 frequency of usage。
常考近义词真题摘录小结：
perceive → sense
evolve → develop
detect → find
mortal → people
unbiased → objective
resemble → look like
dwelling → domestic building
salary → wage
be gained from → derive from
2) 上下义词：上义词是对事物的概括性、抽象性说明（共性）；下义词是对事物的具体表现形式或更为具体的说明（个性）。
例如：apple（上义词）- oranges, strawberry（下义词）
migrate（上义词）- immigrate, emigrate（下义词）
真题演练（判断题True/False/Not Given）：
T: As researchers on aging noted recently, no treatment on the market today has been proved to slow human aging - the build-up of molecular and cellular damage that increases vulnerability to infirmity as we grow older.
Q: Studies show how drugs available today can delay the process of growing old.
解析：treatment意思为“治疗”，治疗顾名思义包括药物，手术等。因此drugs是treatment的下义词；题目中提到drugs available，而文章中说no treatment，所以答案为false。
常考上下义词真题摘录小结：
chemical → fertilizer and pesticide
military → Second World War
body language → gesture
farming → grow plants and herd animals
environment → light, sound and warmth
3) 词性转化：同一个单词以不同的词性分别出现在文章原文和题目之中
例如：important – importantly
born – birth
真题演练（判断题True/False/Not Given）：
T: … they have more normal blood glucose levels (pointing to a reduced risk for diabetes, which is marked by…)
Q: Monkeys were less likely to become diabetic.
解析：diabetic是形容词，diabetes是名词，题目中说less likely to，而文章中说less likely to，所以答案为true。
常考词性转化真题摘录小结：
consume →consumption
secrete → secretions
fertilize → fertilizers
creativity → creative
investigative → investigate
half → halve
prefer → preference
emit → emission
error → erroneous
medical →medicine
4) 语态变换：主动-被动
例如：use – are used
真题演练（填空题no more than two words） ：
T: It is technically incorrect to talk about bat ‘radar’, since they do not use radio waves.
Q: Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because ____ are not used in their navigation system.
解析：are not used – not use，所以容易判断出答案为radio waves。
常考词性转化真题摘录小结：
fund → be backed
recognize → were perceived
offer → was granted
5) 言下之意：解释词语和文章的意义
例如：investigate – find out information about sth.
真题演练（判断题True/False/Not Given）：
T: They had formulated a municipal calendar having 12 months of 30 days.
Q: They devised a civil calendar in which the months were equal in length.
解析：12 months of 30 days与months were equal in length为言下之意的同义替换关系，所以答案为True。
常考言下之意真题摘录小结：
T: It would reduce fossil fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping.
Q: The consumption of fossil fuel would be cut because agricultural vehicles would be unnecessary.
T: Stepwells had a range of functions.
Q: During their heyday, they were places of gathering, of leisure and relaxation and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest classes.
以上就是关于雅思阅读同义替换的分享，大家平时在备考时也要加强对于同义替换的总结和背诵哦。
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