今天我们继续对雅思阅读填空题中的摘要类填空题进行讲解,摘要类填空题是对文章的一段或者某几段的归纳总结而出题,整体出题为顺序性原则,重点考察学生的定位能力,修饰关系和同义替换能力等的把握,今日我们就剑14的T1P3中的一篇摘要类填空题进行讲解,希望在之后的学习中对同学们有所帮助。
Fun at work
Tews, Michel and Stafford carried out research on staff in an American chain of
36______They discovered that activities designed for staff to have fun
improved their 37 ______ and that management involvement led to lower
staff 38______They also found that the activities needed to fit with both the
company's 39 .......................................... and the 40 ______ of the staff. A balance was required between a degree of freedom and maintaining work standards
在做题之前我们首先要读题干,即范围限制和字数要求,此题题干one word only,因此所填答案不能超过一个字。
接着我们判断空格词性和寻找定位词,空格处所填词基本以名词居多,36题在介词of后面,因此答案为名词性的修饰chain的词,同时Tews, Michel and Stafford三个大写人名可以帮助我们定位到倒数第二段的第二句For example, Tews,Michel and Stafford (2013) conducted a study focusing on staff from a chain of themed restaurants in the United States.对应原文修饰chain的名词为restaurants,因此36答案为restaurants。
37题空格前为their,因此此处依然应该选择一个名词,同时题干所考查内容为activities improved的宾语,我们根据顺序性原则和定位词activities定到了It was found that fun activities had a favorable impact on performance,这里have an favorable impact on 为improve的同替,对应原文activities所发出的动作的宾语为performance,因此performance 为此题答案。
38题根据and并列逻辑关系,我们直接对应到原文manager support for fun had a favorable impact in reducing turnover,其中manager support对应题干的management involvement,而have an impact on与lead to构成同替,lower和reduce也都为减少之意,因此答案为turnover。
接着39题和40题之间出现了both …and,因此39和40题的答案为并列的名词,同时39题答案被company公司修饰,40题答案被staff员工修饰,我们根据顺序性原则在文章中找具有并列的地方,对应原文the framing of that fun must be carefully aligned with both organizational goals and employee characteristics,该句中出现了并列连接词both...and,同时其中organization为company的同替,因此修饰的goals为39题的答案,而staff和employee为同义替换,因此所修饰的characteristics即为40题答案。
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