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雅思写作中衔接词的运用

2020-07-01

栏目:考培资讯

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导语:

雅思写作评分标准中,“coherence and cohesion” (连贯性与衔接性)是其中的一项评分标准。

雅思写作中衔接词的运用

雅思写作评分标准中,“coherence and cohesion” (连贯性与衔接性)是其中的一项评分标准。连贯性与衔接性其中一个方面是通过连接词实现的,也就是说前后两个句子或者段落之间要有如but, and, therefore等信号词反映出内容之间的逻辑关系,常见的有因果、让步、转折、对比、递进等等。

 

根据词性,衔接词可以分为逻辑连词和逻辑副词,逻辑连词用于表达一句话中分句之间的逻辑关系,不能引导一个句子,使之单独成句;而逻辑副词用于表达两句话之间的逻辑关系,位于句首,且后面加个逗号。比如在表达转折关系时,用“but(逻辑连词)”和“however(逻辑副词)”,使用形式分别为:“I like it, but he hates it”,“I like it. However, he hates it”。

 

1、因果关系

因果关系即“因为”和“所以”,但是两者只能在一句话中出现一个,不同时出现,比如“Because you are kind, so I like you”是不正确的,因为because和so不能同时出现在一句话中。

表达“因为”时,常用的逻辑连词“because”如:

Many readers appreciate advertising because it allows them to know the properties, functions, and prices of the products.

 

表达“结果/所以”时,常用的逻辑连词为“so”,逻辑副词为“ therefore, as a result, consequently ”,如:

1)The ecological problems are being aggravated, so it is imperative that we take measures to curb the pollution of the environment.

2) The ecological problems are being aggravated. Therefore, it is imperative that we take measures to curb the pollution of the environment.

3) The late 20th century witnessed the prosperity in science and technology. As a result, it gives rise to the wide application of computers.

 

2、让步转折关系

让步关系即“尽管,虽然......”,转折关系即“但是......”,与because和so一样,虽然或但是不同时出现在一句话中,若想表达“虽然你是对的,但我将不会支持你”,要写成“Although you are right, I will not support you”或者是“You are right, but I will not support you”。

 

表示让步关系时,常用逻辑连词“although”和短语“in spite of the fact that”,如:

1)Although there are conniving arguments for a relative care, it is better to send them into daycare centers in the childhood period.

2)In spite of the fact that happiness is hard to define, most people have quite a clear idea about ether they are or not.

 

表示转折关系时,常用的逻辑连词为“but,while”,逻辑副词为“ however,nevertheless”,如:

1)Parents generally hold a favorable association with everyday homework, while their children show an objective attitude with it.

2)Toddlers are provided with more opportunities to socialize with other peers, which helps them gain confidence and self-consicousness. However, these opportunities are rare to achieve if they are watched over by grandparents.

 

3、对比关系

对比关系即”相比较而言......”,常用逻辑副词“by contrast”,如:

The reasons for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world. By contrast, those who have spent some time earning a living or travelling to other places, have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on.

 

4、递进关系

递进关系即”进一步说......”,常使用逻辑副词 “ in addition,moreover,furthermore”,如:

1)Sport is, without doubt, good for our health. Moreover, it is excellent for social development.

2)Spending the majority of your time working can be extremely detrimental to your health. Furthermore, it can seriously damage your social and family life.

 

以上几种连接词的用法,需要熟练且准确的应用到写作中,与此同时,注意书写形式的准确性,区分逻辑连词和逻辑副词的差别,并且注意because / so,although /but不能同时出现。

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