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雅思阅读中,学会找到题干与文章中出现的同义替换关系是必不可少的技能,今天我们看看在雅思阅读中常见替换的几种情况,比如近义词转换,语态变化,上下义转换,连接词替换等等。
雅思阅读中,学会找到题干与文章中出现的同义替换关系是必不可少的技能,今天我们看看在雅思阅读中常见替换的几种情况,比如近义词转换,语态变化,上下义转换,连接词替换等等。>>对雅思阅读有疑问?点击咨询
1.近义词转换
(C10T1P2)原文:
Although modern information technologies can reduce the demand for physical transport by facilitating teleworking and teleservices, the requirement for transport continues to increase.
Q.22题目:
The needfor transport is growing, despite technological developments.
题目中的need 表示需求,如果题刷得足够多的烤鸭会一下子反应过来,need最常见的替换就是requirement, 两个单词经常会被用来互相替换。
这一题说的是尽管技术发展了,人们对于交通运输的需求仍然在增长。我们看到原文中的requirement也是在持续增长,正好能够对应上,那么这道题的答案就应当是T。
2.词性转换
原文:
Beyond this, it is also of paramount importance to recognize and understand the conventions of discourse structure, both generally and within specific subject areas.
题目要求:
Complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of two words from the above paragraph to fill the spaces.
题目:
To extract meaning quickly are effectively, it is also important to recognize conventional ___________ and the importance of the topic sentence and discourse markers.
这个Summary题目中的空格前的conventional 和原文当中的conventions既是一对典型的词性转换形式。
考生即使对于conventional这个词不熟悉也可以根据词性转换的原则定位到原文相关的地方,对应到相应的答案the conventions of discourse structure。
根据题目要求,答案的词数限定为两个词,因此答案为discourse structure。
3.语态转换
填空题no more than two words :
T: It is technically incorrect to talk about bat ‘radar’, since they do not use radio waves.
Q: Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because ____ are not used in their navigation system.
are not used – not use,
所以容易判断出答案为radio waves。
4.连接词的同义转换
(C7T7P2)原文出题句:
It could go a long way, he says, to shifting consumers as well as farmers towards a more sustainable system of agriculture.
填空题:
He feels this would help to change the attitudes of both _____ and _____.
聪明的烤鸭一看到both ... and 的并列连接关系与文中的as well as 表示“也”的连接词,就能够轻松填出“consumers”和“farmers”这两个正确答案。
这道作为考点的题简单且清晰,让考生能轻松获分。
5.上下义词转换
上义词是对事物的概括性、抽象性说明(共性);下义词是对事物的具体表现形式或更为具体的说明(个性)。
例如:
fruit(上义词)-apple, oranges, strawberry(下义词)
fruit是一个比较广泛的概念,这里被称作上义词;
apple, oranges, strawberry是具体的品种,可以称作下义词。
(C10T1P1)原文:
During their heyday, they were places of gathering of leisure and relaxation and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest classes.
题目:
Stepwells had a range of functions, in addition to those related to water collection.
我们可看到题目中出现a range of functions,一系列的功能,是一个比较概括的词组,可以算作原文中gathering of leisure, relaxation and of worship的上义词,也就是说水井的一系列功能包括供人们休闲,放松和祭祀。
提高雅思阅读,有效识别雅思阅读中的替换,除了背诵同义词替换词汇,还要了解考官出题的手段。
从本质上去了解考官会怎么出题,这样才能保证短时间真正学习。
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