托福写作 | 写作语言太平淡？ 词汇添加显亮点

国内考生托福写作的平均分在18分左右，显然不够理想。不少考生在该分数段滞留了很久，也有些不少同学洋洋洒洒写了四五百字，分数却止步不前，其关键原因之一就在于语言太平淡。

今天我们就单从词汇添加层面讲一些简单的技巧供大家使用。

“Providing Internet access is just as important as other services, such as building roads, so governments should offer Internet access to all of their citizens at no cost.”

词汇添加，顾名思义，就是在原有的句子之中添加词汇，既可以让表达更完整，还可以秀一下自己的词汇量。

不同于词汇的替换(用更高级的词汇替换原有词汇)，词汇添加的重点是在句子中添枝加叶，而尽量不改动原文。以下是词汇添加的三种方法：

方法 1

词汇并列

我们在英文当中，经常看到两个以及三个的并列词汇，如

a. Young students always need opportunities, equality, and respect. 【名词并列】

b. We should treasure and memorize our history.【动词并列】

c. The journey itself is fascinating and meaningful. 【形容词并列】

d. He refused the invitation directly, coldly and relentlessly. 【副词并列】

综上，词汇并列指的是两三个单词的并列结构，通常用A and B, 及A, B and C的形式。这样做的好处是可以把观点阐述地更加全面，同时排比的修辞手法本身就有很强的说服力。

可是学生在写作时往往止步于写出一个单词，而没有意识到此处可能是词汇并列的机会。

接下来我们用前面给出的大作文来示范一下词汇并列的方法。

1) 名词并列

we can get a lot of information through the Internet.

改：We can get a lot of information, advice, and entertainment through the Internet.

2) 动词并列

Internet, like roads, should be maintained by governments.

改：Internet, like roads, should be constructed, manage d, and maintained by governments.

3) 形容词并列

Internet is really convenient.

改：Internet is really convenient, helpful, and indispensable.

4)副词并列

Free Internet will greatly encourage citizens to use it.

改：Free Internet will greatly，significantly and effectively encourage citizens to use it.

有些考生担心这里添加的词汇会显得重复和啰嗦，为此给出两点说明：

1)添加的词汇应该是从另一个角度去补充原有词汇，而不是一味写近义词;比如information和advice是不同的角度;

2)即便是近义词也不会扣 分(但要有意识避免)，比如 greatly 和significantly，这里有强调作用。

方法2

名词前加形容词

不少同学的句子干巴巴的，一点修饰都没有。

修饰具体来说有词汇修饰和从句&分词修饰。本篇讲的词汇添加第2个方法指的就是在名词之前添加形容词。

仍旧是上述大作文的例句升级↓↓↓↓↓↓

I disagree with this suggestion.

开头段万 能套话，可用加形容词的方式显得与众不同

改：I disagree with this seemingly plausible suggestion. (貌似可信的)

This can be illustrated with the story of mine.

举例万 能开头句

改：This can be vividly illustrated with the personal experience of mine.

After having his computer, Tom could learn knowledge by himself.

改：After having his own computer, Tom could learn large amounts of new knowledge by himself.

方法3

动词或形容词前加副词

同形容词的情形一样，不少考生的文章里几乎没有副词，因为很多人可能并没有意识到副词的存在。

副词可以修饰两种句子成分：形容词，以及动词。所以大家可以在使用这两种词汇的时候(必然会用到)考虑是否可以进一步用副词修饰。

Then they are likely to be addicted to Internet.

改：Then they are highly likely to be extremely addicted to Internet.

The money owned by the government is limited.

改：The money owned by the government is undeniably limited.

常用于修饰动词和形容词的副词：

Undoubtedly / definitely / surely / indeed

Extremely / dramatically / enormously / fairly

Clearly / apparently / obviously

Surprisingly / astonishingly

词汇添加的方法不止上述三种，比如介词词组的添加，分词的添加等;但掌握了上述三种词汇添加的方法，必定会在一定程度上解决语言平淡的困境。

以下是词汇添加三种方法的综合应用示例：

分论点：免 费网络有助于学生学习

Free Internet certainly will be a significant and effective contributor to students’ study. When students and their parents need to pay for the Internet, students from relatively poor family could not afford the fee and thus lose plenty of valuable educational resources. That is a major reason why they could not possibly compete with the rich students. If internet is free, all of the students, especially the poor ones, could take full advantage of the infinite and precious online resources. Needless to say, their academic performance will be significantly benefited and enhanced.

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