SAT写作学习第一步：标点符号要会用

很多考生在备考SAT写作时，痴迷于各种写作技巧和写作模版，却把最基本的给忽略了——标点符号的使用。下面，小编整理了4类常见标点符号的正确使用方法，希望能对考生们有所帮助。

1、逗号

1）分开系列成分，有2个以上相同成分，则应用逗号分开。例：My recipe for buttermilk biscuits contains flour, soda and buttermilk。
       2）分开连词连接的独立从句。例：Susan’s old car has been belching blue smoke from the tailpipe for two weeks, but it has not broken down yet.
       3）用来分开插入从句和短语。例：Gordon, who is a writer by profession, bakes an excellent cheesecake。
       4）在引导性分词或介词短语后使用。例：After the banquet, Harold and Martha went dancing.

2、分号

1）连接两个含义紧密的独立从句。例：Whooping cranes are an endangered species; they are unlikely to survive if we continue to pollute.
       2）therefore、nevertheless和moreover等词连接的独立从句可用分号隔开。例：The staff meeting has been postponed until next Thursday; therefore, I will be unable to get approval for my project until then。

3、冒号

1）冒号的作用在于表明其后是对前面所述内容的详细说明。冒号之前一般是独立从句，通常有as follows、the following、namely或like等短语。例：Your instructions are as follows: read the passage carefully, answer the questions on the last page, and turn over your answer sheet.
      2）不要在动词和直接宾语间放冒号。例：（错误）I want: a slice of pizza and a small green salad. （正确）This is what I want: A slice of pizza and a small green salad.

4、连字符号

1）行末单词分开时使用。例：In this incredible canvas, the artist used only monochromatic elements.
      2）表示21-99这些数字和用作形容词的分数时使用。例：A two-thirds vote was necessary to carry the measure.
      3）由ex、all、self、semi前缀或elect后缀构成的词语，前后缀和主体之间应有连字符。例：The president-elect was invited to chair the meeting.

4）如果把复合形容词放在所修饰词语的前面，该形容词各部分应由连字符号分开。例：The no-holds-barred argument continued into the night.
      5）专有名词或形容词前添加前缀，两部分应由连字符号隔开。例：His pro-African sentiments were heartily applauded.
      6）若复合构词法构成的词语容易与其他词语混淆，或者导致元音字母相邻，则应用连字符号隔开。例：Most buildings in the ghost town are re-creations of the original structures.

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