

Summary题型在雅思的整体难度中,属于中等难度,技巧性非常强,它的重点和难点都是NG,大部分学生在第一次做的时候,很难把握对错题的脉络,特别是NG,容易混淆F和NG之间的关系,那么同学们该如何掌握这类题目呢?
Summary题型在雅思的整体难度中,属于中等难度,技巧性非常强,它的重点和难点都是NG,大部分学生在第一次做的时候,很难把握对错题的脉络,特别是NG,容易混淆F和NG之间的关系,那么今天我们以真题为例,来讲讲其中的疑难杂症。
剑5-test2-passage2的T/F为例:
14. Arthur Koestler considered laughter biologically important in several way.
15. Plato believed humor to be a sigh of above-average intelligence.
16. Kant believed that a successful joke involved the controlled release of nervous energy.
17. Current thinking on humor has largely ignored Aristotle’s view on the subject.
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拿到这样的对错题题目,首先第一步应该快速浏览,划出每个问题句子的关键词,非常重要,然后用句子中的专有名词,在文章中宽泛定位。宽泛定位用专有名词,Arthur Koestler大致定位到文中的第一段,所以再运用顺序原则,可以看到,所以题目的定位都在文章的第一,第二,第三段。
The joke comes over the headphones: ‘Which side of a dog has the most hair? The left.’ No, not funny. Try again. ‘Which side of a dog has the most hair? The outside.’ Hah! The punchline is silly yet fitting, tempting a smile, even a laugh. Laughter has always struck people as deeply mysterious, perhaps pointless. The writer Arthur Koestler dubbed it the luxury reflex: ‘unique in that it serves no apparent biological purpose’.
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Theories about humour have an ancient pedigree. Plato expressed the idea that humour is simply a delighted feeling of superiority over others. Kant and Freud felt that joke-telling relies on building up a psychic tension which is safely punctured by the ludicrousness of the punchline. But most modern humour theorists have settled on some version of Aristotle’s belief that jokes are based on a reaction to or resolution of incongruity, when the punchline is either a nonsense or, though appearing silly, has a clever second meaning.
14题:题目中的关键词是biologically,所以可以看到文章中的一句话The writer Arthur Koestler dubbed it the luxury reflex: ‘unique in that it serves no apparent biological purpose’,可以得出,文章是直接否定 biological,所以很明显,答案是F。
15题: 这道题目较难,首先我们应该翻译这句问题中文意思:柏拉图认为幽默是一种超越平均智力的一个表现。所以顺序原则定位到第二段,可以看到文章中句子Plato expressed the idea that humour is simply a delighted feeling of superiority over others. 这句话意思为柏拉图认为幽默是一种简单高兴的优越感,我们可以来对照看,“一种优越感能不能推出是在智力领域上”,显然不能推出来对与错,所以我们此题应该选NG。
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16题:继续顺序原则,Kant认为一个成功的笑话,就是一种紧张情绪的释放。这道题的错误率非常,究其原因,很大一部分原因是词汇有些偏,有些难。我们定位文章中Kant and Freud felt that joke-telling relies on building up a psychic tension which is safely punctured by the ludicrousness of the punchline. ,我们可以清晰的发现其中的单词难点,但同时我们也更清晰发现其中的同义词转换,可以看到is safely punctured=release,tension=nervous energy,同时翻译句子,我们清晰发现,其中句子方向的一致性,所以答案是T。
17题:继续顺序原则。可以看到题目意思为:对于幽默的现在的想法很大程度上忽视了亚里士多德的观点,这道题反而是送分题,文章清晰可以看到But most modern humour theorists have settled on some version of Aristotle’s belief that jokes are based on a reaction to or resolution of incongruity, when the punchline is either a nonsense or, though appearing silly, has a clever second meaning.里面有个词组叫settle on,意思为,现在的一些幽默想法是建立在亚里士多德的基础之上,所以答案很明显是F。
最后总结一下,当题量做的很多的时候,我们要清楚去发现每个对错题的对错方向,这样我们在定位的时候才有迹可循,而且同时能熟练运用同义原则,这才是上上策。
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