〈
新通留学
菜单

托福独立写作:考生常犯的10种语法错误(一)

2014-02-11

栏目:考培资讯

人喜欢

导语:

下文为大家总结托福独立写作中考生常犯的10种语法错误,并且给出相应的例子加以评析和更正。更多托福考试机经及资讯,请关注新通外语托福频道。

托福托福考试写作

下文为大家总结托福独立写作中考生常犯的10种语法错误,并且给出相应的例子加以评析和更正。更多托福考试机经及资讯,请关注新通外语托福频道。

1、主谓不一致

中文不存在主谓一致的问题,因此很多考生在写英文句子时意识不到这一点。在英语中,主谓一致的问题在一般现在时中出现较多,特别是在第三人称单数的谓语动词上容易出现。当主语和谓语之间插入成分较多、主语离谓语较远时,这类错误更容易出现。另外在定语从句中,由于从句的谓语动词和先行词被连词隔开,考生也容易忽略从句的主谓一致问题。此外,there be句型中be动词的单复数要根据be动词后面的名词单复数而定。来看下面的几个例句。

例1:Those examination questions is very familiar to me.

评析:主语是复数名词,谓语应该用are,不应该用is。

更正:Those examination questions are every familiar to me.

例2:A school who has famous professors are more worthy for students to choose.

评析:主句的主语和谓语之间有定语从句,相隔较远,因此考生容易犯主谓不一致的错误。主句的谓语还是应当根据主句的主语a school来决定。

更正:A school who has famous professors is more worthy for students to choose.例3:Doing housework has some advantages that is good for children’s future.

评析:That引导的定语从句的谓语应当根据先行词advantages而决定,先行词是复数名词,因此that引导的定语从句谓语应当用are。

更正:Doing housework has some advantages that are good for children’s future.

例4:There is so many people competing for a position.

评析:There be句型的谓语应当根据be动词后面的名词决定。名词people是复数,因此be动词应该用are。

更正:There are so many people competing for a position.

  2、一个简单句中出现两个谓语动词

很多考生在写作时只是根据中文的思维和感觉写,对于英文中一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词的规则不够敏感,容易在一个简单句中出现两个或两个以上谓语动词,这是明显违反语法的。在there be句型中特别容易出现两个谓语动词的错误。考生应当记住:一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词,当出现两个谓语动词的时候,要将其中一个转化成恰当的非谓语形式或者转化成从句的谓语。请看下面的例子。

例5:There are so many people compete for a position.

评析:There be句型中的be动词本身就是这个句子的谓语动词,后面不能再出现谓语动词。这时,可以将后面的动词转化为非谓语动词的形式,或者转化成从句的谓语动词。

更正1:There are so many people competing for a position.

更正2:There are so many people who compete for a position.

例6:I, nonetheless, believe that my job and my social life are both play an essential role in my daily happiness.

评析:在这个句子中,are和play是两个谓语动词,不能一起用。系动词is/am/are可以和现在分词一起用于表进行,可以和过去分词一起用于表被动,也可以和不定式一起用于表将来,但是不能和动词原形一起用。

更正1:I, nonetheless, believe that my job and my social life are both playing an essential role in my daily happiness.

更正2:I, nonetheless, believe that my job and my social life both play an essential role in my daily happiness.

3、动词原形作主语

动词原形不能作主语。祈使句会用动词原形开头,但句子只是省略了主语,而不是没有主语,而且托福写作也极少用到祈使句。可以作主语的成分包括名词、代词、动名词、不定式、主语从句和形式主语it。

例7:I insist that join a sports team is the best way for us to make new friends.

评析:句中的动词原形join不能作宾语从句的主语,可以转化成动名词再作主语。

更正:I insist that joining a sports team is the best way for us to make new friends.

 4、句子残缺

句子必须有谓语动词才称得上完整。考生在托福写作中有时会出现句子没有谓语动词的情况,或是从句缺主语,这都属于残缺句子。

例8:That’s why I against that people find a job just for money.

评析:Against是介词,不能作谓语,可以在前面加系动词am。

更正:That’s why I am against that people find a job just for money.

例9:I enjoy it very much when chat and play with my friends.

评析:该句中when引导的从句缺乏主语,句子残缺,需要补充主语。

更正:I enjoy it very much when I chat and play with my friends.

5、情态动词后面没有跟动词原形

情态动词后面必须跟动词原形,不能跟动词的其他形式。

例10:We must limiting the time that children spend in watching TV.

评析:句中must是情态动词,后面必须跟动词原形,不能跟现在分词。

更正:We must limit the time that children spend in watching TV.

例11:Admittedly, the good food may contributes to an enjoyable vacation.

评析:句中may是情态动词,后面必须跟动词原形,不能跟第三人称单数形式。

更正:Admittedly, the good food may contribute to an enjoyable vacation.

 

定制备考方案
获取备考方案
语言成绩不好如何进阶-WAP-全站弹窗