美本专业介绍 工商管理专业Business Administration

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Categories类别：Business 商科

What it's about 专业介绍

This major teaches you how to plan, organize,lead and control the human, financial, and physical resources of an organization to achieve business goals. As a manager, you will be expected tomeet the many demands of your employer, your organizations internal and external customers, and society in general.

这个专业教你如何计划、组织、领导和控制一个组织的人力、财力和物力资源来实现商业目标。作为一名经理，你应该满足雇主、公司内部客户、外部客户以及社会的许多需求。

Is this for you 是否适合你?

You might like this major if you also like: working with people; starting and running a business; the Wall Street Journal;debating; organizing or leading a club or group activity; solving problems; taking risks; competing: sports; helping others to succeed.

如果你喜欢这个专业，你也会同样喜欢：与人合作、创业、《华尔街日报》、辩论、组织或领导一个俱乐部或团体活动、解决问题、冒险、体育竞技、帮助他人成功。

Consider this major if youare good at: attentionto detail; critical reading/thinking; leadership; organizing; persuading/influencing; quantitative analysis; teamwork… or have… initiative; verbal skills.

如果你擅长这些事项或具有这些能力的话，可以考虑这个专业:注意细节、批判性阅读/思维、领导力、组织能力、说服力/影响力、定量分析、团队合作、主观能力性、语言表达能力。

Recommended high school prep 高中课程推荐

English 4, math 4(including pre-calculus), lab-science3, social studies 3, and a foreign language 2- 3. If available, take calculusand a computer course covering basic office applications and spreadsheets.

英语4年、数学4年(含预备微积分)、实验科学3年、社会科学3年、外语2-3年。如果可以的话，学习微积分和包括基本的办公应用软件和表格软件的计算机课程。

Did you know… 你知道吗?

…that this is by far the most popular major? That means you'll have lots of company and a wide choice of colleges that offer this major.

这是目前为止最受欢迎的专业吗?这意味着你会有很多公司和很多大学录取或提供这个专业。

…that math skills are important for a business degree? Quantitative analysis is required for several areas of business, such as accounting, finance, and business statistics.

数学能力对商科学位来说很重要吗?很多商业领域需要进行定量分析，例如财务、金融、和商业统计。

Typical courses in the major 该专业的经典课程

Accounting I, Il 会计I, Il

Business law 商业法

Economics 经济学

International trade and business 国际贸易与商业

Business finance 财务管理

Human resources 人力资源

Managing information technology 信息技术管理

Managerial communication 管理沟通

Principles of marketing 市场营销原理

Business statistics 商业统计

Production management 生产管理

Operations management 运营管理

Organizational design and developments 组织设计与发展

Leadership 领导力

Quality planning and improvement 质量计划与改进

Strategic formulation and implementation 战略制定及执行

Concentrations 特别事项

Accounting; entrepreneurship; finance; international business; leadership; marketing; organizational behavior; production operations management.

会计;企业家精神;金融;国际业务;领导力;销售;组织行为学;生产运营管理。

What the study of this major is like 专业学习特点

Few people can avoid management. One day, you will probably either be a manager or work for one. The business management and administration major prepares you to serve as an effective, responsible managerin business, government, or nonprofit sectors. Managers have both the opportunity and the duty to make a difference: receiving good service canreflect good management; an employee's unethical behavior can reflect poor management; and good managers make sure that organizations generate value for their stakeholders on a sustained basis.

很少有人能避开管理。有一天，你可能会成为一名经理，或者为一名经理工作。工商管理与行政管理专业为你在商业、政府或非营利部门中成为一名高效、负责任的管理者做好准备。管理者有机会、也有责任做出改变：得到良好的服务可以反映出良好的管理;员工的不道德行为可以反映出管理的不善;好的管理者要确保组织为他们的股东持续创造价值。

In the major, you typically learn how to achieve goals by planning (defining goals and deciding how to achieve them), organizing (deciding what resources need to go where to best support the plan), leading (influencing people to work toward accomplishing goals), and controlling (monitoring progress toward achieving goals and adjusting initial plans as needed). You study how managers respond to the complex, ever-changing expectations of employees, bosses, customers, governments, the legal community, and society as a whole. Majors begin with basic courses in accounting, marketing, and finance.You then take specialized courses, such as organizational behavior, human resources management, supervisory skills, and international management. In your fourth year, you usually take a capstone course in business strategy or business policy; applying what you have learned, you explore the way anorganization interacts with the outside world and operates internally.

在这个专业，你通过学习计划(明确目标和决定如何实现)，组织(决定如何配置资源支持计划)，领导(影响人们去完成工作目标)和控制(监控目标进展并根据需要调整最初的计划) 来实现目标。你将研究管理者如何应对来自员工、老板、客户、政府、法律和社会的那些复杂的、不断变化的期望。专业的学习从会计、市场营销和金融这些基础课程开始，然后你学习专业领域课程，如组织行为学、人力资源管理、管理技能和国际化管理。在第四年，你通常会参加商业战略或商业政策领域的顶尖课程;应用所学到的知识去探索组织与外部世界交互和内部运营。

Most management programs offer internships, usually for asemester, to help you gain experience, learn about possible careers, and relate classroom learning to the workplace. Most internships award academic credit and require you to submit material to be graded. Some internships can lead to future job opportunities. Many colleges offer a semester abroad program that lets you practice your management skills in another country. Because the policies and practices of employees, customers, organizations, and their competitors can reflect positively or negatively on the society in which they are located, managers must understand the cultural expectations of their hostcountry.

大多数管理学习项目都提供为期一个学期的实习机会，帮助你获得经验，了解可能的职业，并将课堂学习与工作场所联系起来。大多数实习都会给你学分，并要求你提交材料来打分。一些实习可以带来未来的工作机会。许多大学提供一个学期的海外项目，让你在另一个国家实践你的管理技能。由于员工、客户、组织及其竞争对手的策略和实践可以对其所在的社会产生积极或消极的影响，因此管理者必须了解这个国家的社会文化。

Nevertheless, the objective of the major is to prepare you to lead others in an organization. Most management courses stimulate your persuasive and creative abilities--memorizing facts is generally not toppriority. Courses are typically taught through lectures, videos, case studies,and, perhaps, role-playing. Professors use case studies to develop your problem-solving and analytical skills, to teach you to defend ideas logically, and to push you to challenge the ideas of others. You analyze actual business problems, developrealistic responses, and present your recommendations to professors andclassmates. Working managers are often brought in to share their experiences.You use computers for spreadsheet programs, databases, and other programs that help you conduct statistical analysis, prepare financial projections, and do marketing research. If you choose this major, you should be ready to work hard.

然而，这个专业的目标是让你为领导组织中的其他人做好准备。大多数管理课程都能激发你的说服力和创造力——记住事实通常不是最重要的。课程通常通过讲座、视频、案例学习，或许还有角色扮演等形式来教授。教授们通过案例学习来培养你解决问题和分析问题的能力，教会你有逻辑地捍卫观点，并鼓励你挑战他人的观点。你会分析实际的商业问题，做出现实的回应，并向教授和同学们提出你的建议。在职的经理人经常被邀请来分享他们的经验。你通过使用计算机来编写电子表格程序、数据库和其他软件程序，这些程序可以帮助您进行统计分析、准备财务预测和做市场调查。如果你选择这个专业，你应该准备好努力学习。

Although most agree on a definition of general management,different colleges may have different emphases. Some programs take a quantitative approach and focus on decision-making techniques. Other programs mayemphasize a management function such as leadership or an area of general management, for example, human resource management or organizational behavior. Differences among programs are also reflected in their readiness to adapt to changes in the field. For example, supply chain management, project management, and entrepreneurship are emerging topics. Some programs will be relatively conservative in their approach to such topics, offering only a course or two at first, while others may develop new concentrations or even new majors.

虽然大多数院校对管理有一个比较一致的定义，但不同的院校可能有不同的侧重点。有些学习项目采用定量的方法，侧重于决策技能。其他的一些项目可能会强调管理的一个职能，如领导力或管理中的一个领域——例如，人力资源管理或组织行为。不同项目之间的差异也反映在它们是否愿意适应该领域的变化。例如，供应链管理、项目管理和创业是新兴的主题。有些学习项目在这类主题上相对保守，一开始只提供一到两门课程，而还有一些学习项目可能会发展新的关注点，甚至是新的专业。

Other majors you might like 你可能会喜欢的其他专业

Agribusiness operations 农业运营

Entrepreneurial studies 创业研究

Marketing 市场营销

International business 国际商业

Construction management 施工建筑管理

Emergency management/homeland security 应急管理/国土安全

Music management 音乐管理

Parks/recreational/leisure facilities management 公园/娱乐/休闲设施管理

E-commerce 电子商务

Public administration 公共管理

Economics 经济学

Nonprofit/public organization management 非营利机构/公共机构管理

Questions to ask colleges 可以向大学提问

Is the program c by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business? If so, the program has been examined for quality from a number of perspectives.

该项目是否获得了美国高等商学院协会的认证?如果是这样的话，说明该项目已经从多个角度进行了质量检验。

Are there internships or co-op programs available in this major?

这个专业有实习或合作项目吗?

Do companies recruit on campus?

公司是否有校园招聘?

Career options and trends 职业选择和趋势

Management trainee or assistant manager; sales or account representative; corporate executive; management consultant; franchise or small business owner; human resources specialist; systems analyst; financial analyst;venture capitalist.

管理培训生或助理经理;销售或客户代表;企业高管;管理顾问;特许经营或小企业主;人力资源专家;系统分析师;金融分析师;风险资本家。

The job outlook mirrors the economic times, but organizations are always looking for good managers. As the world of business grows more complex, risky, and global in scope, the need for professional managers increases. Job growth is projected to be steady, particularly in smaller companies specializing in specific industries or types of business functions.

就业前景反映了经济形势，但企业总是在寻找优秀的管理者。随着商业世界变得更加复杂、高风险、以及全球化，对职业经理人的需求也在增加。就业增长预计是稳定的，特别是在从事特定行业或业务职能类型的小型公司。

An MBA is usually essential if you want to climb the corporate ladder, many well-known companies will help you obtain this advanced degree while you're working.

如果你想在公司晋升，MBA学位通常是很重要的，许多知名公司会帮助你在工作期间获得这个学位。

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Insider's viewpoint 业内人士的观点